Science fiction short stories featuring cats prominently. 2 persons (N and L) grade the stories from + to -.

Isaac Asimov: Time Pussy
Catlike animals have time traveling abilities, like being full before they eat.

David Barr Kirtley: Cats in Victory (N+) (L+)
War between animal people, who have forgotten their origin

Elizabeth Bear: In the House of Aryaman, a Lonely Signal Burns (N) (L)
An enhanced cat is also one of several clues in a murder case.

Greg Bear and S. M. Stirling: The Man Who Would Be Kzin (N-) (L-)
A not very cat-like people.

P. J. Beese and Todd Hamilton: The Pride (N-) (L-)
Not very cat-like man.

Anne Billson: My Day by Jones (L-)
Alien, as seen from the cat’s POV.

Brenta Blevins: Housekeeping, 100 XP (L)
How to fix a smart, catsitting house.

Damien Broderick: The Beancounter’s Cat (N+) (L)
A talking cat in a magical world, or is it?

Fredric Brown: Mouse (L) (N+)
Bill has a cat, and access to the body of a space mouse.

Edward Bryant: Jade Blue (N) (L)
A new invention, and a cat.

Tracy Canfield: I Know My Own & My Own Know Me
Humans without language. An uplifted cat. Equality for uplifts.

Terry & Carol Carr: Some Are Born Cats (L+)
That weird cat might be an alien?

Arthur C. Clarke: Travel by Wire!
Inventing teleportation. One of the “guinea pigs” is a cat.

Arthur C. Clarke: Who’s there (L+) (N)
Boring mission, into the space suit. But wait, something’s wrong!

Judith R. Conly: Tales of a Starship’s Cat (L) (N-)
The space ship gets a new cat.

Margaret Curelas: The Cow’s in the Meadow, the Blood’s in the Corn
When people keep going into your farm and slitting the throats of cows, maybe a cat is a good solution.

Philip K. Dick: The Alien Mind (L+) (N)
The cat fiddles with the steering wheel of the space ship, and the man gets angry.

Marianne J. Dyson: Europa’s Survivors (L)
An astronaut’s health is monitored by a robot cat.

Melanie Fletcher: Lusts of the cat queen (L-) (N)
Not very much to do with cats.

Carl Frederick: The Spacemice Incident (N-) (L-)
Robot cat, peripheral.

Eduardo Gallego & Guillem Sánchez: I Thought I Saw a Pussy Cat (L-)
The computer is shutting down.

Ursula Le Guin: Schrödinger’s Cat (N) (L)
The world is dissolving; there’s a cat and a box.

J. U. Giesy: Zapt’s Repulsive Paste (N-)
Cat and anti gravity, peripheral.

Karen Haber: On the Tip of a Cat’s Tongue (L-)
Whodunit, cat not central.

Peter F. Hamilton: The Forever Kitten (L-)
It is not essential that the cat is a kat.

Robert A. Heinlein: Ordeal in Space (L+) (N+)
You can’t have a space man, who’s afraid of heights.

Carrie Hughes: Do Robotic Cats Purr in Space?
?

Alexander Jablokov: Blind Cat Dance (L-)
Predator = puma.

Kij Johnson: Schrodinger’s Cathouse
No cats.

Naomi Kritzer: Cat Pictures Please (L)
This AI loves cat pictures.

Mercedes Lackey: SKitty 1, SKitty (L+)
A man and his telepathic cat in the local space port. The locals have “mice”, but no “cats”.

Mercedes Lackey: SKitty 2, A Tail of Two SKittys (L)
Establish local cat teams.

Mercedes Lackey: SKitty 3, SCat (L)
SKitty gets a boyfriend, but where did he come from?

Mercedes Lackey: SKitty 4, A Better Mousetrap (L)
8 new kittens.

Mary Soon Lee: Prime Development Opportunity: Dirt (L-)
How a real estate agent would describe Earth, including the cats. The cats aren’t central.

Sharon Lee: A Matter of Ceremony (N+) (L+)
It is something very special to be bonded to a cat.

Yoon Ha Lee: The Starship and the Temple Cat (L-)
Ghost cat on a space station.

Fritz Leiber: Ship of Shadows (L-) (N-)
The half blind Spar works in a pub, and takes care of the new cat, Kim, who talks and chases mice.

Fritz Leiber: Space-Time for Springers (N+) (L+)
Cat genius analyzes the world.

Glynne MacLean: Vienese Meow (N) (L+)
Schrödinger, from cat’s POV.

Anne McCaffrey: Duty Calls (N-) (L-)
Not very cat-like lady.

Michael McCarty, Mark McLaughlin: Night of the Squealers (L-)
Some very aggressive monsters exit a spaceship and run into a group of cats.

Ian McDonald: Vishnu at the Cat Circus (N-) (L-)
There are cats, but they aren’t very related to the plot.

Sean McMullen: Mother of Champions (N+) (L+)
Big cats intervene, when humans get stupid.

Paul Melko: Dysfunctional Family Cat (N+) (L+)
Everybody’s allergic to the wonderful cat.

A.R.Morlan: The Hemingway Kittens (L?)
2 bookstore cats seem very intelligent and have too many toes.

Andre Norton, All cats are gray (L+)
Is there a ghost, and can the cat do something about it?

Andre Norton and Dorothy Madlee, Star Ka’ats 1-4 (L) (N-)
2 children travel with telepathic cats to various adventures on other planets.

Jody Lynn Nye: Virtually a Cat (L+) (N+)
VR cats.

Jody Lynn Nye: Well Worth the Money (L+) (N)
A new kind of space ship is to be tested, by 3 men and 1 cat.

Sarah Pinsker: La Mer Donne (L+) (N+)
A journalist covers the meeting between a small town and a storm, via avatar. A kitten wants to be included.

Hannu Rajaniemi: His Master’s Voice (L) (N)
Uplift, cloning, mind copying. And a cat and a dog trying to save their master.

Cat Rambo: Legends of the Gone
3 robot cats in a post apocalyptic world. Cats not central.

Cat Rambo: Vocobox
Cat gets voice and a little intelligence. Focus on the owner.

Kristine Kathryn Rusch: Chimera (L+)
Not being appreciated as a cat is hard enough, but it gets even harder when you’re more intelligent, more like a human being.

Kristine Kathryn Rusch: What Fluffy Knew (N+) (L+)
Only Fluffy knows about the aliens.

Saki: Tobermory (N+) (L+)
The talking cat also solves crimes.

Robert Sampson: Feline Red (N-) (L)
What to do with all them space cats?

Pamela Sargent: Out of place (L+)
Suddenly people can hear the thoughts of aninals. Scientists look into it, without finding an explanation (before the end of the story). Protagonist owns a cat, playing a big part, but there are also a lot of other animals.

John Scalzi: The Other Large Thing (L)
The humans bring home a robot, a servant for the cat.

John Scalzi: Three Robots Experience Objects Left Behind from the Era of Humans for the First Time (L+)
Robots visit a city after the apocalypse. A cat joins them.

Cordwainer Smith: The Ballad of Lost C’mell (N+) (L)
A cat girl, trying to gain rights for animal people.

Cordwainer Smith: The Game of Rat and Dragon (L+)
Our only defense against the enemy is teams of human and cat.

Ian D. Smith: No Talking Cat Stories (L)
Talking and thinking cats. The narrator is a cat.

Rebecca Stead: Plan B
50 families aren’t what they appear to be.

Theodore Sturgeon: Helix the Cat (N-)
An inventor plans to move a soul without a body into a cat.

Michael Swanwick: The Little Cat Laughed to See Such Sport (L-)
Cat woman, but not central.

E.J.Swift: The Endling Market (L-)
There are buyers for the last in a species, like a snow leopard. Could be any endangered animal.

Judith Tarr: Made of cats (L+)
The aliens are invading, again; luckily there’s a cat.

Rajnar Vajra: Progress Report (L-) (N-)
The cats aren’t true cats and not very cat like.

A. E. van Vogt: Black Destroyer (L-) (N-)
Not very cat-like animal.

Sage Walker: Hunting Mother (L+)
Half human, half cougar. Colonizing a planet. Mother is dying.

Ralph Williams: Cat and Mouse (L-)
There’s a cat, but it doesn’t contribute.

Robert Moore Williams: Thompson’s Cat (N+) (L+)
Space mystery from 1952, the cat saves the day

Clare Winger Harris: The Evolutionary Monstrosity (L-)
Cat is subject of fast evolution. Didn’t have to be a cat.

Gene Wolfe, The Cat. (L+)
Cat is transmogrified, and then “haunts” the place.

Not SF:

Italo Calvino: Autumn: The Garden of the Stubborn Cats
Fantasy. (The cats own a house.)

David Drake: Bullhead
Fantasy

M. J. Engh: The Tail
Fantasy

Esther M. Friesner: The Cat Bell
Fantasy

Kij Johnson: The Cat who Walked a Thousand Miles
Fantasy

TCA Lakshmi Narasimhan: Clay Cast Cats
Fantasy.

Jenn Reese: The Right Number of Cats
Fantasy.

Mike Resnick: Travels with my cats
Magic realism.

Kristine Kathryn Rusch: Scrawny Pete
Crime story.

Kristine Kathryn Rusch: Strays
Crime story.

Theodore Sturgeon: Helix the Cat
Fantasy.

Adrian Tchaikovsky: Not a Cat Person
Fantasy/horror.

Not about cats:

Carl Frederick: Extra Cheese for the Laboratory Mouse
No cats.

Carl Frederick: We Are the Cat (N-) (L-)
Schrödinger.

Nalo Hopkinson: The Reverse Cheshire Cat

Terra LeMay: Shrödinger’s Pussy
Schrödinger.

Books:

Pet Plague 0 – Altered Humans

Short stories containing religion.

Isaac Asimov, “Reason”
This robot creates a new religion.

Isaac Asimov, “The Mayors”
A scientific culture can tame a more primitive one, claiming science is actually religion.

David Barr Kirtley, “Cats in Voctory”
The memories of the past have turned into a religion.

James Blish, “A Case of Conscience”
Is this planet paradise?

Anthony Boucher, “The Quest for Saint Aquin”
A priest is looking for the body of a dead saint. Meanwhile a robot ass asks him about his faith.

Ray Bradbury, “The Fire Ballons”
MIssionaries come to Mars to convert the local people, if it’s possible. Maybe Christ needs to look like a blue sphere here.

Jonathan Brand, “Encounter with a Hick”
My father is in a company where they create worlds, and he created Earth in 6 days.

John Brunner, “Judas”
An allegory about Judas.

Ted Chiang, “Hell Is the Absence of God”
Christian. Belief isn’t necessary, as angels etc are clearly visible. However love is necessary, if you want to go to heaven.

Arthur C. Clarke, “The Nine Billion Names of God”
This religion believes, that the world will end when all the names of God have been written down.

Arthur C. Clarke, “The Star”
The supernova of this star has religious significance to us.

Greg Egan, “Oceanic”
This planet was colonized thousands of years ago. Now the story of that colonization only survives as religion. The story also illustrates how religion and science are 2 different ways of thinking.

Costi Gurgu, “Angels and Moths”
An encounter with an alien race suddenly requires “a man without faith”.

Harry Harrison, “The Streets of Ashkelon”
Teaching aliens Christianity.

Robert A. Heinlein, “If This Goes On…”
USA is super Christian, and a pious guard is shocked to learn the truth about the Prophet and the virgins.

Damon Knight, “Shall the Dust Praise Thee?”
“God arrives on Earth, ready to inflict the Day of Wrath on mankind, but finds that all life has already disappeared.”

George R.R. Martin, “Song for Lya”
Is a local religion an advanced group mind, or just a complicated way to commit suicide?

George R.R. Martin, “The Way of Cross and Dragon”
A local version of Christianity has a Saint Judas and dragons.

James Morrow, “Auspicious Eggs”
Births are few, far between and declared holy by the Catholic church. Priests help in this endeavour by drowning children, who will never become parents anyway. Do you know any more?

Lester del Rey, “Evensong”
“It details the capture of a being, identified at the end of the story as God, by Man, which has usurped God’s power.”

Mercurio D. Rivera, “Missionaries”
Sincere faith finally attracts an alien.

Norman Spinrad, “Deus X”
Uploaded people and artificial intelligences are common. The Catholic church has to decide whether these entities have souls.

H.G. Wells, “The Lord of the Dynamos”
I tell you, this piece of machinery is God.